Dexamethasone. eTG's revised osteoporosis guidance covers its role, plus how often to dose zoledronic acid and how to give it safely in general practice.

Aspirate the bursa. For selected patients, such as mild septic bursitis without systemic symptoms, empirical antibiotics without aspiration can be considered.

Its blood supply is disrupted, causing bone-cell loss. The affected head may soften and collapse before blood flow returns and repair occurs. Limp and restricted hip movement are key clues; orthopaedic follow-up is needed.

Bleeding or swelling raises pressure inside a relatively unyielding fascial compartment. Blood flow falls, depriving tissue of oxygen and potentially causing muscle death. It is a surgical emergency.

Arrange prompt specialist referral to consider bone-forming treatment as the initial therapy. Very high risk may warrant a different treatment sequence from routine antiresorptive-first management.

Suspected syndesmotic injury warrants specialist follow-up, such as sports medicine or orthopaedics. Do not treat it as an ordinary lateral ligament sprain with routine reassurance alone.

Image when another diagnosis is suspected—for example, with substantial tenderness, swelling, bruising or deformity—or when reduction is unsuccessful. A typical pulled elbow is usually diagnosed clinically.

Check for nerve and blood-vessel injury. Numbness, pins and needles, unusual limb temperature, pallor or cold skin can indicate neurovascular compromise.

Measure bone mineral density at at least two sites, including the lumbar spine and hip. Use suitable alternatives when a site cannot be assessed reliably, such as a hip containing a prosthesis.

Recommend weight management, with weight loss for people who are overweight or obese. Combine it with exercise for greater benefit. For people already at a healthy weight, support weight maintenance.

Assess and manage both bone health and falls risk. Recovery from the current fracture should be paired with a plan to reduce the likelihood of another fracture.

Excessive flexion can worsen swelling and compromise circulation. A safe elbow position and adequate perfusion matter more than achieving a slightly better-looking fracture position.

Screen for serious or specific pathology using a targeted history and examination, adding a focused neurological examination when appropriate. Also assess psychosocial factors and function, and arrange suitable follow-up.

The proximal pole depends mainly on blood arriving retrogradely. A waist fracture can interrupt that supply, putting the proximal fragment at risk of avascular necrosis.

Assess and document pain and neurovascular status, not just alignment. Open or markedly displaced fractures need immediate orthopaedic referral; many other injuries can be splinted with fracture-clinic follow-up.

The child is generally well, often recovering from a viral illness, and can bear weight with a limp. Fever is usually absent or low-grade. Septic arthritis more often causes an acutely painful, immobile joint and systemic illness.

Assess pain, cognition, nutritional status, frailty and medical conditions promptly. Use a locally endorsed hip-fracture pathway rather than treating the injury as an isolated surgical problem.

No. Markers may remain normal early in infection, with chronic infection or with infection of small bones. No laboratory test, alone or in combination, specifically establishes or excludes the diagnosis.