The diagnosing clinician initiates contact tracing. They can support patient-led notification, notify contacts on the patient’s behalf, or refer complex cases for specialist support.

healthdirect recommends speaking with a doctor for recurrent episodes or symptoms that continue; pregnancy is one factor associated with thrush.

The guideline describes episodic antiviral treatment or continuous suppressive therapy for severe and frequent recurrences.

A healthcare provider orders and oversees the vaginal sample, arranges laboratory processing and communicates results and follow-up. Self-collection is an eligible screening option.

ED is associated with cardiovascular disease and diabetes and can be an early warning sign. Review general health and chronic disease, not only sexual function.

PrEP is antiretroviral prevention for people who are HIV-negative and at increased risk. ASHM provides Australian prescribing guidance and assessment pathways.

Consider exposed anatomical sites: pharyngeal and anal infections are often asymptomatic. NAAT and culture have complementary roles.

Vulval itching or burning, thick white or creamy discharge, discomfort with sex or urination, redness and vulval skin fissures can occur.

PALM-COEIN. The standard advises considering diverse possible causes and tailoring further investigations to the initial assessment.

No. A previous infection does not provide immunity to a new infection, so prevention and appropriate retesting matter.

Australian guidance notes increasing prevalence in the general population, especially among women of reproductive age; clinical suspicion alone may miss infection.

Swab the base of an ulcer or a deroofed vesicle for HSV NAAT. A negative result does not necessarily exclude infection.

Most infections are asymptomatic. Infection can affect genital, anal and throat sites; test according to exposure and symptoms.

For people with a cervix: HPV test every five years from age 25, with an exit test between 70 and 74. Symptoms require clinical assessment, not routine screening alone.

It guides exposure-risk assessment, timing, baseline assessment, regimen choice and follow-up. Potential exposures warrant urgent, individual clinical assessment.